What does sample space refer to in probability?

Sample space refers to the collection of all possible outcomes in a probability experiment. Understanding this concept is crucial because it provides the framework within which probabilities are calculated. For instance, if you were to roll a six-sided die, the sample space would consist of the numbers 1 through 6, representing each outcome that could occur. This comprehensive set of outcomes allows you to determine the likelihood of certain events occurring within that context.

The other options do not capture the essence of sample space accurately. The idea of the most favorable outcome pertains more to the concept of optimizing or maximizing outcomes rather than representing all outcomes. The range of successful trials focuses on a subset of outcomes that meet predefined criteria, which does not encompass the entirety of possibilities. Lastly, referring to a specific outcome from a trial only addresses one element within the broader sample space and does not acknowledge the complete array of outcomes available in a given probability scenario.