What is the primary function of hydraulics in engineering?

The primary function of hydraulics in engineering is the transmission of power through liquid under pressure. Hydraulics utilizes incompressible fluids, typically oils or water, to transfer force and energy from one point to another within a system. When pressure is applied to a fluid in a confined space, it can be used to do work, such as activating machinery, lifting heavy loads, or controlling systems with precision. This principle is employed in various applications, such as construction equipment (e.g., excavators and bulldozers), automotive brakes, and industrial machinery.

The other options focus on different aspects of fluid dynamics or thermal dynamics but do not encapsulate the main engineering advantage and utility provided by hydraulic systems. While transmission of heat is associated with thermodynamics and cooling systems, and fluid measurement and analysis pertains to fluid mechanics and studies, none emphasize the power transmission characteristic that defines hydraulic systems.